Python for Data Science

Anaconda

Anaconda is a free and open source distribution of the Python and R programming languages for data science and machine learning related applications.

En otras palabras, Anaconda puede ser visto como un paquete (a distribution) que incluye no solo Python (or R) but many libraries that are used in Data Science, as well as its own virtual environment system. It's an "all-in-one" install that is extremely popular in data science and Machine Learning.

Anaconda comes with a few IDE:

• Jupyter Lab
• Jupyter Notebook
• Spyder
• Qtconsole
• and others

Jupyter

Jupyter comes with Anaconda. It is a development environment (IDE) where we can write codes; but it also allows us to display images, and write down markdown notes.

Share Jupyter Notebook online

• GitHub:

https://docs.github.com/en/github/managing-files-in-a-repository/working-with-jupyter-notebook-files-on-github

Example: https://github.com/adeloaleman/AmazonLaptopsDashboard/blob/master/DataAnalysis/data_analysis2.ipynb

• Nbviewer

https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/

Example: https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/bokeh/bokeh-notebooks/blob/main/tutorial/06%20-%20Linking%20and%20Interactions.ipynb

Customize Jupyter

Themes

https://github.com/dunovank/jupyter-themes

Ver el tema que muestran en esta página: https://gist.github.com/pierrejoubert73/902cc94d79424356a8d20be2b382e1ab

jt   -t oceans16     -cellw 98%   -lineh 120   -fs 14   -nfs 14   -dfs 14   -ofs 14

https://www.kaggle.com/getting-started/97540

jt   -t monokai      -cellw 98%   -lineh 120   -fs 14   -nfs 14   -dfs 14   -ofs 14   -f fira   -nf ptsans   -N   -kl   -cursw 2   -cursc r   -T

Extensions

This post mention so nice extension and configuration that can be done: https://towardsdatascience.com/bringing-the-best-out-of-jupyter-notebooks-for-data-science-f0871519ca29

Unofficial Jupyter Notebook Extensions

https://jupyter-contrib-nbextensions.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

This is very important. There are very nice extensions in this package:

• toc2: https://jupyter-contrib-nbextensions.readthedocs.io/en/latest/nbextensions/toc2/README.html
• Collapsible Headings
• ... etc

Installation

https://jupyter-contrib-nbextensions.readthedocs.io/en/latest/install.html

I had some issues to install it. La format indicada por defecto:

pip install jupyter_contrib_nbextensions
jupyter contrib nbextension install --user

A través de la forma anterior no pude instalar el paquete de forma correcta. La instalación no retornó errorres, y la extensión se mostraba en Jupyter-notebook pero no podía activar "enable" las extensiones.

Al parecer es un problema con la ubicación de la instalación. Yo estaba usando conda pero conda está presentando problemas. La instalación de los paquestes demora muchísimo y luego el paquete parece no estar disponible.

En el siguiente post encontré una solución para instalar nbextension usando pip: https://github.com/ipython-contrib/jupyter_contrib_nbextensions/issues/1127

pip install --upgrade jupyter_contrib_nbextensions
jupyter contrib nbextension install  --sys-prefix  --symlink

«--symlink» creo que lo usé pero no estoy completamente seguro. También realicé el --upgrade pero creo que la diferencia la hicieron las opciones --sys-prefix --symlink

Si no se muestra la Nbextensions tab (), try to reinstall the https://github.com/Jupyter-contrib/jupyter_nbextensions_configurator

pip install jupyter_nbextensions_configurator

or

conda install -c conda-forge jupyter_nbextensions_configurator

CustomJS and CustonCSS files

This is a good post: https://forums.fast.ai/t/jupyter-notebook-enhancements-tips-and-tricks/17064

Keyboard Shortcut Customization: https://jupyter-notebook.readthedocs.io/en/stable/examples/Notebook/Custom%20Keyboard%20Shortcuts.html

custom.js

/** Mis configuraciones */ 

// This is to enable syntax highlighting for SQL code: 
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43641362/adding-syntax-highlighting-to-jupyter-notebook-cell-magic
require(['notebook/js/codecell'], function(codecell) {
  codecell.CodeCell.options_default.highlight_modes['magic_text/x-mssql'] = {'reg':[/^%%sql/]} ;
  Jupyter.notebook.events.one('kernel_ready.Kernel', function(){
  Jupyter.notebook.get_cells().map(function(cell){
      if (cell.cell_type == 'code'){ cell.auto_highlight(); } }) ;
  });
});


// My plain theme
// This is a good post where I took some ideas to write the following fuction: https://forums.fast.ai/t/jupyter-notebook-enhancements-tips-and-tricks/17064
function plainTheme() {
    var input_promp_fields = document.getElementsByClassName("prompt_container");
    var text_render_fields = document.getElementsByClassName("text_cell_render");

    if (input_promp_fields[0].style.visibility == "collapse"){
        action = "visible";
        input_marginLeft = "0px";
        border_top  = "3px";
        prompt_width = "74px";
        padding_top = "0px";
        output_margin = "40px";
    }else{
        action = "collapse";
        input_marginLeft = "74px";
        border_top  = '0px';
        prompt_width = "74px";
        padding_top = "40px";
        output_margin = "40px";
    }

    // Si queremos usar !important debemos hacerlo de esta forma utilizando JQuery:
    // https://makitweb.com/how-to-add-important-to-css-property-with-jquery/
    var text_cell_fields = document.getElementsByClassName("text_cell");
    $(text_cell_fields).ready(function(){
        $('.input_prompt').css({
            'cssText': `width: 40px !important; max-width: ${prompt_width} !important; min-width: ${prompt_width} !important;`
        });
    });

    $(document).ready(function(){
        $(".prompt_container").css(
            'visibility', `${action}`
        );
        
        $(".input").css(
            'padding-left', `${input_marginLeft}`
        );
        
        $(".output_subarea").css(
            'margin-left', `${output_margin}`
        );
                    
        $('.cell').css({
            'cssText': `border-top-width: ${border_top} !important; border-bottom-width: ${border_top} !important;`
        });
        
        $(".collapsible_headings_ellipsis").css({
            'cssText': `padding-top:${padding_top} !important; border-top-width: ${border_top} !important; border-bottom-width: ${border_top} !important;`
        });

        $(".text_cell_render").css({
            'cssText': `margin-left: -10px;`
        });
    });            
}

Jupyter.keyboard_manager.command_shortcuts.add_shortcut('Alt-Ctrl-Q', {
    help : '...',
    help_index : 'zz',
    handler : function (event) {
        plainTheme();
    return false;
    }}
);

Jupyter.keyboard_manager.edit_shortcuts.add_shortcut('Alt-Ctrl-Q', {
    help : '...',
    help_index : 'zz',
    handler : function (event) {
        plainTheme();
    return false;
    }}
);


// This could be very usefull. It allows to add text automatically into a cell
// https://forums.fast.ai/t/jupyter-notebook-enhancements-tips-and-tricks/17064/27
Jupyter.keyboard_manager.edit_shortcuts.add_shortcut('Ctrl-Shift-J', {
    help : '...',
    help_index : 'zz',
    handler : function (event) {
        document.body.style.background = 'blue'
        var target = Jupyter.notebook.get_selected_cell()
        var cursor = target.code_mirror.getCursor()
        var before = target.get_pre_cursor()
        var after = target.get_post_cursor()
        target.set_text(before + 'from IPython.core.display import display, HTML; \n\taverrrdisplay(HTML("<style>.container { width:98% !important;}</style>"))' + after)
        cursor.ch += 20 // where to put your cursor
        target.code_mirror.setCursor(cursor)
        return false;
    }}
);


// To get the real value of a css field: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26074476/document-body-style-backgroundcolor-doesnt-work-with-external-css-style-sheet
// window.getComputedStyle(document.body).backgroundColor
// window.getComputedStyle(document.getElementsByClassName("input_area")[0]).backgroundColor

custom.css

/*  Mis configuraciones  */

.container { width:98% !important; }
/* document.getElementById("notebook-container").style.minWidth = "50%"; */
/* document.getElementById("notebook-container").style.maxWidth = "50%"; */

#notebook-container {
 width:98% !important;
}

.CodeMirror-gutters {
 background-color: transparent !important;
 background: transparent !important;
}

.CodeMirror-linenumber {
 margin-left: -20px !important;
}

.output_subarea {
 margin-left: 40px !important;
}

#toc .fa-fw {
 color: blue !important;
}

#toc .highlight_on_scroll {
 margin-left: -4px !important;
 
}

#toc {
 padding-left: 10px !important;
}

/*  I have also changed the color
/*  #a6e22e   by   #388bfd 
 *  in the entire custom.css
 */

/* I have also chenged some of the properties of the toc directly above in the code: 

#toc-wrapper {
 z-index: 90;
 position: fixed !important;
 display: flex;
 flex-direction: column;
 overflow: hidden;
 padding: 10px;
 padding-top: 40px !important;
 border-style: solid;
 border-width: thin;
 border-right-width: medium !important;
 background-color: #1e1e1e !important;
}
#toc-wrapper.ui-draggable.ui-resizable.sidebar-wrapper {
 border-color: rgba(93,92,82,.25) !important;
}
#toc a,
#navigate_menu a,
.toc {
 color: #f8f8f0 !important;
 font-size: 16pt !important;
}
#toc li > span:hover {
 background-color: rgba(93,92,82,.25) !important;
}
#toc a:hover,
#navigate_menu a:hover,
.toc {
 color: #DAA520 !important;
 font-size: 16pt !important;
}
#toc-wrapper .toc-item-num {
 color: #388bfd !important;
 font-size: 16pt !important;
}
*/

Configurations from the Juniper notebook

from IPython.core.display import display, HTML; 

display(HTML("<style>.container { width:98% !important;}</style>"<))

display(HTML('<style>.prompt.input_prompt{display:none !important;}</style>'))
display(HTML('<style>.prompt.input_prompt{visibility: visible !important;</style>'))
display(HTML('<style>.prompt.input_prompt{margin-left8kmclustering.ipynb 50px}</style>'))
display(HTML('<style>.prompt.input_prompt{visibility: visible !important; width: 0px !important; min-width: 0px !important}</style>'))  

display(HTML('<style>.input_area{margin-left: -50px;}</style>'))
display(HTML('<style>.input{margin-left: -20px;}</style>'))

display(HTML('<style>.output_area{margin-left: 55px}</style>'))

# display(HTML('<style>.cell{margin-bottom: -5px !important; margin-top: -5px !important;}</style>'))
# display(HTML('<style>.code_cell{margin-bottom: -5px !important; margin-top: -5px !important;}</style>'))

# display(HTML('<style>.output_wrapper{margin-bottom: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important;}</style>'))

Online Jupyter

There are many sites that provides solutions to run your Jupyter Notebook in the cloud: https://www.dataschool.io/cloud-services-for-jupyter-notebook/

For example: https://colab.research.google.com

Some of the most popular Python Data Science Libraries

• NumPy
• SciPy
• Pandas
• Seaborn
• SciKit'Learn
• MatplotLib
• Plotly
• PySpartk

Using SQL in Jupyter

Connecting to a database in Jupyter

https://pypi.org/project/ipython-sql/

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/454854/no-module-named-mysqldb

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5178292/pip-install-mysql-python-fails-with-environmenterror-mysql-config-not-found

https://docs.kyso.io/guides/sql-interface-within-jupyterlab

https://www.datacamp.com/community/tutorials/sql-interface-within-jupyterlab

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43641362/adding-syntax-highlighting-to-jupyter-notebook-cell-magic

https://www.sqlshack.com/learn-jupyter-notebooks-for-sql-server/

Verificar las fuentes above. Creo que lo único que tuve que hacer la última vez que lo instalé fue basado en las 3 primeras sources:

pip install ipython-sql

sudo apt install default-libmysqlclient-dev

pip install mysqlclient

sudo apt-get install python3-mysqldb

Luego adding SQL syntax highlighting to Jupyter as describe above in the corrrespoinding source.